Tag Archive for 'disruptive behavior'

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Notes about reducing misbehavior

The recent discussions in the press and the US Congress about seclusion and restraint prompted me to draft these preliminary notes about alternatives that are available to school personnel. Generally, one does not need to resort to putting students in isolation or holding them to the ground.

Schools that employ evidence-based practices have a wealth of alternatives to physical seclusion or restraint. These methods range from plain, old good teaching to systematic analysis of the functions that misbehaviors serve. In the next few paragraphs, I present laconic descriptions of these.
Continue reading ‘Notes about reducing misbehavior’

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US Congress hearings follow-up notes

Representatives of Democrats on the US House Education and Labor Committee provided me with a list of resources covering the hearing held 19 May 2009. These hearings were about the use and misuse of seclusion and restraint in managing students’ behavior. Here’re items from that list:

Links to some earlier posts on this topic: “Seclusion and restraint: US hearings coverage” (19 May 2009), “US House to review seclusion and restraint” (here 13 May 2009) and “Seclusion and restraint: NDRN report” (15 January 2009 on Teach Effectively)

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US House to review seclusion and restraint

The press offices of the US House Committee on Education and Labor issued notices about pending hearings regarding seclusion and restraint procedures. As noted elsewhere, statements by advocacy organizations and news reports about instances of terrific abuses have made the use of seclusion and restraint at current issue in the US.

Advisory: House Education Committee to Examine Abusive and Deadly Use of Seclusion and Restraint in Schools

WASHINGTON, DC – On Tuesday, May 19, the House Committee on Education and Labor will hold a hearing to examine abusive and deadly uses of seclusion and restraint in U.S. schools. Seclusion and restraint are physical interventions used by teachers and other school staff to prevent students from hurting themselves or others.

WHAT: Full Committee Hearing on “Examining the Abusive and Deadly Use of Seclusion and Restraint in Schools”

WHO: Witnesses TBA

WHEN: Tuesday, May 19, 2009
10:00 a.m. EDT

WHERE: House Education and Labor Committee Hearing Room, 2175 Rayburn House Office Building, Washington, D.C.

Seclusion and restraint may be appropriately employed as a means of reducing responding (i.e., decreasing the frequency of behavior), but they very rarely are necessary. In addition to conducting FBAs, there are many means of decreasing responding that do not require physical seclusion or restraint (see, for example research on the procedures such as the “time-out ribbon” by Foxx and Shapiro). Unfortunately, people who do not employ behavior modification procedures in ways that are faithful to the research sometimes use seclusion or restraint, and they make such a hash of it that they hurt children. To borrow a phrase, school is not supposed to hurt.

People who hurt children, whether because they misuse procedures than can be used effectively or because they simply don’t know better, should receive immediate and sustained coaching in how to use effective and benign behavior modification methods. If they do not subsequently the employ those effective and benign procedures, they should find another place to work.

I hope one of the outcomes of these hearings is an emphasis on ensuring that the faculty and staff members in schools are required to learn how to iimplement effective behavior modification procedures. Given that there are millions of people involved in the educational endeavor, it is unlikely that mis-uses of behavioral procedures will ever be completely eliminated. However, educators could decrease the incidence of abusive instances by understanding and employing behavioral procedures appropriately.

See notes on Teach Effectively (15 Jan 2009), The Life that Chose Me (12 Mar 2009), EBD Blog (21 Apr 2009), and (surely) elsewhere on the Internet. It is likely that additional information will be posted at the House Committee’s Web site.

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Cafeteria behavior

Gregory Fabiano and colleagues report about a non-experimental analysis of the effects of a group contingency on children’s behavior in school cafeteria. Pretty interesting. Worthy of systematic study.

Behavior Modification, Vol. 32, No. 1, 121-132 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/0145445507308577
© 2008 SAGE Publications

A Group Contingency Program to Improve the Behavior of Elementary School Students in a Cafeteria

Gregory A. Fabiano, William E. Pelham, JR, Karen Karmazin, Joanne Kreher, Carlos J. Panahon, Carl Carlson

Studies of behavior modification interventions for disruptive behavior in schools have generally focused on classroom behavior with less research directed toward child behavior in other school settings (e.g., cafeterias). The present report documents the effect of a group contingency intervention with a random reward component, targeting disruptive cafeteria behavior. An uncontrolled study of the effect of the group contingency program across the school year suggested substantial behavior improvement after the program started. Two natural treatment discontinuations during the same school year provide further support for the intervention. Both sources of information suggest behavioral improvement in rule-following behavior when the program was actively implemented.

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